降雨量、土壤蓄水量对流动沙地土壤水分深层渗漏的影响     

吴丽丽  刘丹一  杨文斌  王涛  李卫  冯金超  冯伟 《中国沙漠》2020,40(3):210-218

土壤水分深层渗漏是陆地近地层水分循环的重要环节。利用土壤水分深层渗漏记录仪对毛乌素沙地典型流动沙丘不同深度土层的土壤渗漏水量连续进行两年定点监测。结果表明：（1）2016年生长季（4月1日至10月31日）降水量为2017年的1.93倍，但50、100、200 cm沙层的渗漏水量分别是2017年同期的4.53、5.53，5.22倍。同时，渗漏水量与降雨量及土壤蓄水量的波峰较一致。（2）强降雨对深层渗漏水量的影响较大，土壤蓄水量的变化也与深层渗漏水量密切相关；降雨量较小时，土壤蓄水量与深层渗漏水量之间的关系更为密切。在连续降雨过程中，越往深处，渗漏的产生通常是多次降雨过程累积的结果，将土壤蓄水量作为中间变量，能更好地分析土壤深层渗漏过程。（3）当天蓄水量与次日渗漏水量的相关系数较高，土层越深，深层渗漏水量与土壤蓄水量的相关系数增加，二者之间的线性拟合的R²也相应增加。  相似文献   

Combating piracy and armed robbery in Asia: The ReCAAP Information Sharing Centre (ISC)     

Joshua Ho 《Marine Policy》2009

The Regional Cooperation Agreement on Combating Piracy and Armed Robbery Against Ships in Asia (ReCAAP) Information Sharing Centre (ISC) is an international organisation that comprises 14 member countries in the region. Despite its many advantages, the ISC has some weaknesses, which when addressed could bring regional cooperation to a new level and which could make the ISC a model for other regions.  相似文献   

有限区域大气-海浪耦合模式的建立及海表粗糙度参数化试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

关皓  周林  王汉杰  景丽 《海洋学报》2008,30(4):30-38

利用LINUX操作系统下的进程通讯(IPC)技术将中尺度大气模式MM5(V3)与第三代海浪模式WW3进行双向耦合,建立考虑大气-海浪相互作用的风浪耦合模式,在耦合模式中引入3种海表粗糙度参数化方案,通过对一次热带气旋过程的模拟,研究大气-海浪相互作用对热带气旋系统的影响及耦合模式对海表粗糙度参数化方案的敏感性。结果表明:LINUX系统下的进程通讯技术可以方便有效地实现大气和海浪模式的双向耦合,模式运行稳定;耦合模式能够较好的模拟热带气旋的发展和演变过程及其影响下海浪场的分布和演变,模拟结果对海表粗糙度参数化方案较敏感;海浪的反馈作用同时影响了海气间的动力和热力作用过程,不同的海表粗糙度参数化方案下,海浪对两种作用过程不同的影响程度决定了其对气旋系统强度的影响。  相似文献   

对黄土地区钻孔和探井试样试验指标的分析评价     

高喜政  盛根来 《山东国土资源》2008,24(10)

通过对济南地区次生黄土所采集的钻孔和探井土样进行浸水试验，并对其主要物理力学指标进行了分析评价，得出探井试样比钻孔试样所具有的试验指标更为真实可靠，因此次生黄土分布区采集探井试样进行湿陷性浸水试验是十分必要的。  相似文献   

Local disappearance of bivalves in the Azores during the last glaciation     

Sérgio P. Ávila  Patrícia Madeira  C. Marques da Silva  Mário Cachão  Bernard Landau  Rui Quartau  A. M. de Frias Martins 《第四纪科学杂志》2008,23(8):777-785

The Pleistocene (Eemian) outcrops of Lagoinhas and Prainha, located at Santa Maria Island (Azores), were investigated and their fossil mollusc content reported. These studies revealed that the last glaciation affected two groups of molluscs: the ‘warm‐guest’ gastropods with West African or Caribbean affinities (e.g. Conus spp., Cantharus variegatus, Bulla amygdala, Trachypollia nodulosa) and shallow bivalve species mainly associated with sandy habitats (Ensis minor, Lucinella divaricata, and probably Laevicardium crassum). In this paper we focus on this group of bivalves, which has since locally disappeared from the Azores. We relate the local disappearance of these bivalves in the Azores with the lack of sand in the shelf. The specific characteristics of the Santa Maria shelf combined with the sea‐level drop during the Weichselian prevented deposition of the lowstand deposits and permitted erosion of the previous ones, leaving the shelf without a sediment cover. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

典型深度贫困县贫困格局及影响因素分析——以海伦市为例     

杜国明  冯悦  于佳兴 《地理科学进展》2020,39(1):69-77

深度贫困县是实施精准扶贫工作的重点区域,客观分析深度贫困县贫困格局及其影响因素,可以为制定扶贫策略提供科学依据。论文以黑龙江省海伦市为研究区,基于空间分析和数理统计方法,探索以贫困村和贫困人口为核心的贫困格局及其影响因素。结果表明：① 作为深度贫困县,海伦市贫困村和贫困人口均具有不平衡性,贫困村和贫困人口格局既具有关联性,又具有差异性;② 海伦市贫困村集中分布在150~250 m地形过渡地带,呈现多核心带状式分布态势;③ 海伦市贫困人口分布格局是自然因素与人文因素综合作用的结果,自然地理及农业生产、农村基础设施及社会福利因素是直接影响贫困人口分布格局的关键因素。建议从加强农业农村基础设施建设、提升抵御自然灾害能力,加快种植业结构调整和布局优化、提升农村产业发展水平,提升社会保障水平、降低致贫返贫风险,优化居民点体系、推动乡村各类要素的空间重组、结构重塑、功能重调等方面加强精准扶贫和乡村振兴工作。  相似文献   

Constraining Holocene sea‐surface conditions in the south‐western Black Sea using dinoflagellate cysts     

L. R. Bradley  F. Marret  P. J. Mudie  A. E. Aksu  R. N. Hiscott 《第四纪科学杂志》2012,27(8):835-843

This paper presents two dinoflagellate cyst records from the south‐western shelf of the Black Sea. A new site, MAR05‐13, from the Sakarya shelf is described and placed into context with site MAR02‐45, ～250 km distant on the Thracian shelf. The records provide a centennial resolution of surface water conditions in the Holocene. Analysis of the data suggests that the surface salinity of the south‐western shelf increased in a gradual and progressive manner. In the period ～11 000–9000 cal a BP the assemblages suggest surface‐water salinities between 7–13 psu. The initial arrival of euryhaline species, ～8100 cal a BP, is linked to the reconnection of the Black Sea and Marmara Sea. The suggested surface water changes related to the reconnection took approximately 1000 years. Following this initial change in assemblages, a further increase in the number of euryhaline species is noted between 5000 and 4000 cal a BP. This is linked to the establishment of more saline surface‐water conditions, close to present‐day values. The record for MAR05‐13 highlights the complexity of the changes in cyst assemblages during the mid‐Holocene. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

A coupled ice-ocean ecosystem model for 1-D and 3-D applications in the Bering and Chukchi Seas     

Clara Deal 《极地研究(英文版)》2008,19(2):218-229

Primary production in the Bering and Chukchi Seas is strongly influenced by the annual cycle of sea ice. Here pelagic and sea ice algal ecosystems coexist and interact with each other. Ecosystem modeling of sea ice associated phytoplankton blooms has been understudied compared to open water ecosystem model applications. This study introduces a general coupled ice-ocean ecosystem model with equations and parameters for 1-D and 3-D applications that is based on 1-D coupled ice-ocean ecosystem model development in the landfast ice in the Chukchi Sea and marginal ice zone of Bering Sea. The biological model includes both pelagic and sea ice algal habitats with 10 compartments： three phytoplankton （pelagic diatom, flagellates and ice algae： D, F, and Ai） , three zooplankton （copepods, large zooplankton, and microzooplankton ： ZS, ZL, ZP） , three nutrients （ nitrate ＋ nitrite, ammonium, silicon ： NO3 , NH4, Si） and detritus （Det）. The coupling of the biological models with physical ocean models is straightforward with just the addition of the advection and diffusion terms to the ecosystem model. The coupling with a multi-category sea ice model requires the same calculation of the sea ice ecosystem model in each ice thickness category and the redistribution between categories caused by both dynamic and thermodynamic forcing as in the physical model. Phytoplankton and ice algal self-shading effect is the sole feedback from the ecosystem model to the physical model.  相似文献   

Repacking practice for G-3 engineering driller power unit with drive shaft of dual channel reverse circulation     

Lihong ZHU  Kun YIN  Qingyan WANG  Yong HUANG 《世界地质(英文版)》2008,11(1)

In order to satisfy operating requirements for constant core drilling technology in reverse circulation with hollow-through DTH,the power unit of G-3 engineering driller was ameliorated. The new one with dual channel drive shaft, achieved the perfect assemble with transmission structure of the original power unit. It could interconvert according to need by using two sets of drive shafts with direct and reverse circulation. The repacked G-3 engineering driller carried on experiment in the field test in Luanchuan molybdenum mine of Henan, whose effect was very good.  相似文献   

海底孔内水合物观测系统与钻井实施     

宁伏龙  蒋国盛  吴翔  窦斌  张凌 《海洋地质译丛》2008,(4):31-35

通过耦合布设海底表面和孔内水合物观测系统获取物理、化学、微生物等数据是了解掌握海洋水合物环境动态变化、碳循环规律和资源开发技术的有效手段,据此初步提出了一套海底孔内水合物观测系统,并指出了系统的关键技术难点。而在钻井布设该孔内观测系统时,要注意防止井内安全事故的发生,充分评估安放位置处含水合物地层的地质力学稳定性并采取适当的钻井和完井方式稳定或强化含水合物地层以支撑孔内观察仪器,实现孔内长期监测。最后讨论了在我国南海实施孔内水合物观测系统的必要性,并提出了初步想法。  相似文献